Editorials with hindi vocab 22/12/2015

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The Times of India :Take A Call



Tempersधीमा करना  run high on juvenileनाबालिग व्यक्ति Nirbhaya rapist,

 Parliament must arrive at a decision With the Supreme Court rejecting the petition  याचना by Delhi Commission for Women against the release of the juvenile convict अपराधी  in the Nirbhaya gang-rape case, saying it “shared the concern चिंता करना of general citizens“ but its hands were “tied“ by the law, the ball is now in Parliament's court. The apex court has held there has to be a “clear legislative sanction“ to extend detention  कारावास  of convicted juveniles beyond three years and the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Bill, 2014, which includes amendments संशोधन  to allow 16-18 years olds to be tried as adults, will be debated in Rajya Sabha today. The Lok Sabha passed it in May 2015. It is now up to the Upper House to take a call.

As Trinamool Congress MP Derek O'Brien argued, while asking for parliamentary discussion under Rule 267, the House needs to listen to what is going on outside and to rise above politics. Passions are high over the release of the juvenile convict in the Nirbhaya case. While many hearts have gone out to her mother, this is also a time for measured judgment so legal changes don't have unintended अनभिप्रेत consequences नतीजा.

At the heart of the new bill is an amendment to create district-wise juvenile justice boards that will determine  निर्धारित करना whether a juvenile offender  उल्लंघन करने वाला will be sent for rehabilitation or tried as an adult. Of recorded cognisable संज्ञेय crimes in India in 2014, 1.2% were committed by juveniles. While over 70% of juvenile crimes are committed by those in the 16-18 age group, juveniles account for 5.9% of rapes nationwide.Moreover, since 2001 juvenile crimes have quadrupled  चौगुना करना या होना.

The best would be if the Rajya Sabha were to pass the amended bill already passed by the Lok Sabha right away . But if opinions are divided on this, another option is to send the bill to a standing committee with a four-six week deadline, to coolly  बेपरवाही से examine all views and then for the House to pass the bill within an agreed deadline. Both the US and UK have given juvenile justice courts the flexibility to waive  छोड़ना their jurisdiction अधिकार-क्षेत्र in favour of adult courts for heinous घृणित crimes. India should do so as well.

Dec 22 2015 : The Economic Times (Mumbai)

Funding Parties Need Not Be a Dirty Job





Make lobbying अपने पक्ष में जनमत तैयार करना legal in India

The government's plan to tweak  सुधारना the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) to make funding easier for political parties is fine. But it's not enough. It needs to push the most important reform to make political funding transparent पारदर्शक. The FCRA Act restricts a political party , or its office bearer  धारक and any organisation of a political nature, from accepting foreign donations. There are also fetters बांधना on donations by companies registered in India but with majority foreigner-ownership. Surely , there is no reason to look at foreign funders with doubt. But the reported amendment, allowing foreign companies registered in India to contribute to political parties from their corporate social responsibility fund in sectors where foreign direct investment is permitted, sounds convoluted  पेचीदा. The new Companies Act mandates companies of a certain size to spend money on corporate social responsibility .Does the proposed amendment to the FCRA mean that political donations will count as corporate social respon sibility? If so, the government should make it explicit  स्पष्ट.

Indian political parties spend plenty of money . But they often end up collecting and spending huge amounts through patronage संरक्षण   and extortion ज़बर्दस्ती वसूली. Off icially, most parties report only the tip of the iceberg. It's best to make it compulsory for parties to declare their monthly spends in ev ery locality . This should be open to challenge by other parties, watchdogs  रखवाली करने वाला कुत्ता and the media. The process should be completed with the Election Commission finalising the spending figure. If undertaken up to the national level, political parties can be asked to show the source of income for their spending, at the disaggregated  भिन्न-भिन्न  and combined levels. Off-the-book funding will stop when every paisa is accounted for.

Lobbying the government into specific policy action is legal in the US, via its First Amendment and the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995, which ensures that lobbying is publicly registered. The law also allows the public to evaluate मूल्यांकन करना  any undue  अनावश्यक influences that may affect decision making. Why not make lobbying legal in India too?

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