important SSC gk Questions Set-1

#EVRYDAYQUIZ #imp #gk #ssc #100Questions

Question Colour: 

blue: tough or you might get it wrong 

black=easy one   

Red: i have doubt in them

explanatino also given for some Questions

Lambert's law is related to

Reflection

Refraction

Interference

Illumination

D

Important Scientific Laws

Avogadro's Law (Gases)

It states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules regardless of their chemical nature and physical properties. This number (Avogadro's number) is 6.022 X 1023. It is the number of molecules of any gas present in a volume of 22.41 litres and is the same for the lightest gas (hydrogen) as for a heavy gas such as carbon dioxide or bromine.

Stated in 1811 by the Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856)

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Boyle's Law (Gases)

For a fixed amount of an ideal gas kept at a fixed temperature, P [pressure] and V [volume] are inversely proportional (while one doubles, the other halves). In other words product of the pressure and volume is exactly a constant for an ideal gas.

Propounded by Robert Boyle, an Irish Chemist in 1662

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Charles' Law (Gases)

It states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas, provided the amount of gas and pressure are held constant.

It was first published by French natural philosopher Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac in 1802, giving credit to an unpublished work from the 1780s by Jacques Charles. It is also known as Gay-Lussac Law.

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Coulomb's Law (Electrostatics)

The magnitude of the Electrostatics force of interaction between two point charges is directly proportional to the scalar multiplication of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distances between them.

Published in 1783 by French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb

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Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

The induced electromotive force (EMF) in any closed circuit is equal to the time rate of change of the magnetic flux through the circuit.

Published by English Physicist Michael Faraday in 1831.

---

Hooke's Law of Elasticity

It states that, for relatively small deformations of an object, the displacement or size of the deformation is directly proportional to the deforming force or load.

Discovered by the English scientist Robert Hooke in 1660.

---

Joule's Law (Electricity)

It states that, heat produced by an electric current is directly proportional to the resistance of the conductor, the square of the current, and the time for which it flows.

Given by the English physicist James Prescott Joule around 1850.

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Kepler's three laws of planetary motion

1. The path of the planets about the sun is elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses)
2. An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. (The Law of Equal Areas)
3. The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. (The Law of Harmonies)

Published by German astronomer Johannes Kepler between 1609 - 1619.

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Lambert's Law (Luminous intensity)

It states that the luminous intensity of a perfectly diffusing surface in any direction is proportional to the cosine of the angle between that direction and the normal to the surface, for which reason the surface will appear equally bright from all directions.

Published by Johann Heinrich Lambert, a Swiss physicist in 1760.

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Lenz's Law (Electromagnetism)

It states that an induced electric current flows in a direction such that the current opposes the change that induced it or in other words an induced current is always in such a direction as to oppose the motion or change causing it.

Deduced in 1834 by the Russian physicist Heinrich Friedrich Emil Lenz.

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Newton's Law of motion

1. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.
2. The acceleration of an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object, and inversely upon the mass of the object. As the force acting upon an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is increased. As the mass of an object is increased, the acceleration of the object is decreased.
3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Published by British physicist Sir Isaac Newton in 1687.

---

Ohm's Law (Electricity)

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across the two points, and inversely proportional to the resistance between them.

Published in 1827 by German physicist Georg Ohm.

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Snell's Law (Refraction of light)

It states that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and refraction is equivalent to the ratio of phase velocities in the two media, or equivalent to the opposite ratio of the indices of refraction.

Named after Dutch astronomer Willebrord Snellius who rediscovered it in 1621.

 The coral reefs are the marine counterparts of(DOUBT)

Temperate forests

Tropical rain forests

Savannahs

Scrublands

B

The Refrigerant 'FREON' is

Calcium Tetra Flouride

Diflouro Dichloro Methane

Flourspar and Felspar

Hydrofluosilicic Acid

B

 WIKILEAKS, a whistleblowers website is an international organisation based in

U.S.A.

U.K.

Sweden

Norway

C

Which of the folloiwng folk dances is associated with Jammu and Kashmir?

Jhora

Veedhi

Rauf

Suisini

C

 Who invented the Jet Engine?

Karl Benz

Sir Frank Whittle

Thomas Savery

Michael Faraday

B

Inventions - Aviation

Invention	Year	Inventor
Aeroplane	1903	Orville and Wilbur Wright
Airship (non-rigid)	1852	Henri Giffard
Airship (rigid)	1900	G.F. vonZeppelin
Hot air balloon	1783	Jacques and Joseph Montgolfier
Gliders	1853	Sir George Cayley
Helicopter	1924	Etienne Oehmichen
Hovercraft	1955	Christopher Cockerrell
Jet Engine	1937	Sir Frank Whittle
Parachute	1797	AJ Garnerin
Rocket	1926	Robert Goddard

Inventions - Vehicles

Invention	Year	Inventor
Bicycle	1839-40	Kirkpatrick Macmillan
Bicycle tyres	1888	John Boyd Dunlop
Petrol Car	1888	Karl Benz
Carburettor	1876	Gottlieb Daimler
Diesel Engine	1895	Rudolf Diesel
Ship (steam)	1775	JC Perier
Ship (turbine)	1894	Sir C. Parsons
Submarine	1776	David Bushnell
Motorcycle	1885	G Daimler of Cannstatt

Inventions - Weapons

Invention	Year	Inventor
Atom Bomb	1945	J Rober Oppenheimer
Automatic Rifle	1918	John Browning
Ballistic Missile	1944	Wernher vonBraun
Bolt action rifle	1889	P von Mauser
Guided Missile	1942	Wernher vonBraun
Hydrogen Bomb	1952	Edward Teller
Neutron Bomb	1958	Samel Cohen
Tank	1914	Sir Ernest D Swington
Machine gun	1718	James Puckle
Revolver	1836	Samuel Colt

Inventions - Domestic Appliances

Invention	Year	Inventor
Ball-point Pen	1888	John J Loud
Mechanical Clock	1725	I. Hsing and Liang Ting Tsan
Pendulum Clock	1656	Christian Huygens
Electric Lamp	1879	Thomas Alva Edison
Fountain Pen	1884	Lewis E Waterman
Gramophone	1878	Thomas Alva Edison
Safety Match	1826	John Walker
Refrigerator	1850	James Hansen and Alexander Catlin
Sewing Machine (Chain stitch)	1841	Barthelemy Thimmonier
Sewing Machine (Lock stitch)	1846	Elias Howe
TV (Mechanical)	1926	JL Baird
TV (Electronic)	1927	PT Farnsworth
Typewriter	1867	Christopher L Sholes

Inventions - Industrial Revolution

Invention	Year	Inventor
Powerloom	1785	E Cartwright
Spinning Frame	1769	Sir Richard Arkwright
Spinning Jenny	1764	James Hargreaves
Spinning Mule	1779	Samuel Crompton

 The reserves held by Commercial Banks over and above the statutory minimum, with the RBI are called

Cash reserves

Deposit reserves

Excess reserves

Momentary reserves

C

Who is authorised to issue coins in India?

Reserve Bank of India

Ministry of Finance

State Bank of India

India Overseas Bank

B

 The 'break-even' point is where

marginal revenue equals marginal cost

average revenue equals average cost

total revenue equals total cost

none of the above

C

 The method of Impeachment of the President of India is adopted from

U.S.A.

U.K.

U.S.S.R.

France

A

 In the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India, which languages were added subsequently?

English, Sindhi, Marathi, Sanskrit

Sanskrit, Sindhi, Konkani, Manipuri

Sindhi, Konkani, Manipuri, Nepali

Marathi, Oriya, Konkani, Nepali

C

Languages in India

The number of languages recognised by the Indian Constitution is	22
At the inception of Indian constitution in 1950, the number of recognised languages was	14
The languages which were added to the Eighth Schedule are	Sindhi, Konkani, Nepali, Manipuri, Maithili, Dogri, Bodo and Santhali.
Number of identifiable mother tongues as per Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation report of 2011	234
The first language to be conferred the status of a Classical Language	Tamil
Other languages which have been conferred the status of a Classical Language	Sanskrit, Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu and Odia
The official language of Nagaland is	English
The official language of Jammu and Kashmir	Urdu
The official language of Goa	Konkani
The official language of the Supreme Court and High Court as prescribed by the Constitution of India is	English
The principal languages of Lakshdweep are	Jeseri (Dweep Bhasha) and Mahal
Foreign language commonly spoken in Puducherry (formerly Pondicherry) is	French
The Indian language known as the 'Italian of the East' is	Telugu
The principal languages of the Andaman & Nicobar islands are	Hindi, Nicobarese, Bengali, Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu.
English is not in the list of recognised languages

List of Languages in the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution

Language	Predominantly spoken in	Recognised
1. Assamese	Assam	1950
2. Bengali	West Bengal	1950
3. Bodo	Assam, West Bengal	2003
4. Dogri	Jammu, Himachal Pradesh	2003
5. Gujarati	Gujarat	1950
6. Hindi	Most parts of Northern States	1950
7. Kashmiri	Jammu and Kashmir	1950
8. Kannada	Karnataka	1950
9. Konkani	Goa and parts of Karnataka	1992
10. Malayalam	Kerala	1950
11. Manipuri	Manipur	1992
12. Marathi	Maharashtra	1950
13. Maithili	Parts of Bihar	2003
14. Nepali	Sikkim and parts of West Bengal	1992
15. Odia	Odisha	1950
16. Punjabi	Punjab, Chandigarh	1950
17. Sanskrit	-	1950
18. Sindhi	Scattered in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Maharashtra	1967
19. Santhali	Spoken by Santhal tribe in Jharkhand, Bihar, W.B.	2003
20. Tamil	Tamilnadu, Puducherry	1950
21. Telugu	Andhra Pradesh	1950
22. Urdu	Northern India	1950

Languages of the World

The total number of languages in the world as recorded by Ethnologue, the journal that chronicles the languages of the world	7105
The languages having the highest number of speakers in the world	Chinese (Mandarin)
The languages having the second highest number of speakers in the world	Spanish
The languages having the third, fourth and fifth highest number of speakers in the world	English, Hindi and Arabic respectively
The official language of Pakistan	Urdu
The language having the largest number of native speakers in Pakistan	Punjabi
The official language of Bhutan	Dzongkha
The official language of Israel	Hebrew
The official languages of Switzerland	German, (63.7%), French (20.4%), Italian (6.5%) and Romansch (0.5%)

Institutions for promotion of Languages

Institution	Location
Central Institute of Indian Languages	Mysore, Karnataka
Mahatma Gandhi Antarrashtriya Hindi Vishwavidyalaya	Wardha, Maharashtra
English and Foreign Languages University	Hyderabad, A.P.
Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan	New Delhi
Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth	New Delhi
Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeeth	Tirupathi
Maulana Azad National Urdu University	Hyderabad
Central Institute of Classical Tamil	Chennai

NEW RANK

1 CHINESE

2. ENGLISH 

3.ARABIC 

4.SPANISH

5.HINDI

6.RUSSIAN

7.BENGALI

Indian Parliament Means

Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha

Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha - Prime Minister

President of India - Rajya Sabha - Lok Sabha

President of India - Vice-President of India - LOk Sabha - Rajya Sabha

C

 Generally, the soil of the northern plains of India has been formed by

degradation

aggradation

weathering in situ

erosion

B

ag·gra·da·tion

The deposition of material by a river, stream, or current.

 Hiuen Tsang visited India during the reign of

Chandragupta I

Chandragupta II

Harshavardhana

Rudradaman

C

Foreign Invaders and points to remember.

Invader	Points to remember
Alexander	He was the first to invade India in 326 B.C. He defeated King Porus on the banks of River Jhelum. The battle is known as the Battle of Hydaspes. Dhana Nanda of the Nanda dynasty was in power in northern and eastern India at the time of his invasion. Alexander's army mutinied, possibly at the prospect of facing a strong army of the Nandas and Alexander decided to return to Macedonia.
Chengiz Khan	He was a Mongolian who conquered some kingdoms on the banks of River Indus in 1221 A.D. The ruler of Delhi at that time was Iltutmish.
Mohammed Bin Qasim	He was first muslim to invade India in 712 A.D. He conquered Sindh and Punjab regions along the Indus river but did not advance further.
Timur	Timur Lang or Timur the Lame, was a muslim conqueror who invaded India in 1398. The ruler of Delhi at the time was Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah.
Nadir Shah	He was the ruler of Iran who invaded India in 1738. He defeated the Mughal Emperor Muhammed Shah and carried with him the Peacock throne and the Kohinoor diamond.
Ahmed Shah Abdali	He was the ruler of Afghanistan who invaded India several times between 1747 & 1767, the most famous being the invasion of 1761 when he defeated the Marathas in the 3rd battle of Panipat.

Foreign Visitors and points to remember.

Visitor	Points to remember
Megasthenes	He was the ambassador of Seleucus in the court of Chandragupta Maurya known to the Greek as Sandrocottus. He was also the author of a book 'Indica'.
Fahien	He was a Chinese Buddhist monk who visited India during the reign of Vikramaditya (Chandragupta II). He is known for his visit to Lumbini, the birthplace of the Buddha. His journey is described in his travelogue "Record of Buddhist Kingdoms ...".
Huien Tsang	He was a Chinese traveller who visited India during the time of Harsha Vardhana. His book is called Si-yu-ki or 'The Records of the Western World'.
Alberuni	A persian scholar, he accompanied Mohammed of Ghazni and wrote a book titled 'Tahqiq-i-hind'. He was the first mulsim scholar to study India. He is regarded as the father of Indology.
Marco Polo	He was a well known European traveller who visited many Eastern countries, including India. He visited Southern India where Rudramma Devi of the Kakatiyas was in power.
Ibn Batuta	Ibn Batuta was a Moroccon traveller who visited India during the time of Mohammed Bin Tughlaq. His account of travels is known as the Rihla.
Thomas Roe	Sir Thomas Roe was an English diplomat who visited the court of Jahangir in 1615 to seek protection for an English factory at Surat. His Journal of the mission to the Mogul Empire is a valuable contribution to the history of India of the time.
William Hawkins	Captain William Hawkins led the first voyage of the English East India Company to India in 1609 when Jahangir was in power. He had a personal letter from King James I of England 1609, but did not succeed in seeking Jahangir's permission to establish a factory.
Nicolo Conti	Italian merchant who visited India during the period of Deva Raya I of Vijayanagar (1420)
Abdul Razak	He was a Persian cholar and ambassador of the ruler of Persia to Calicut who visited India during the rule of Deva Raya II of Vijayanagar during 1442 to 1445.
St Thomas	He is believed to be the first Christian saint to visit India in 52 A.D..
Francois Bernier	He was a French physician and traveller who visited India during 1658 and 1671. He was the personal physician of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb for around 12 years during his stay in India. He wrote Travels in the Mughal Empire, which is mainly about the reigns of Dara Shikoh and Aurangzeb.

The Muslim adventurer who destroyed the Nalanda University was

Alla-ud-din Khilji

Muhammad-bin-Tughlak

Muhammad-bin-Bhaktiyar

Muhammad-bin-Quasim

C

Painting reached its highest level of development during the reign of

Akbar

Aurangzeb

Jahangir

Shah Jahan

C

in SCULPTURE shah jahan

The communal electorate was introduced for the first time in India in

1919

1935

1906

1909

D

 The two states which had non-Congress Ministries in 1937 were

Bengal and Punjab

Punjab and NWFP

Madras and Central Provinces

Bihar and Uttar Pradesh

A

Sea breeze is formed during

Day time

Night time

Both

Seasonal

Answer (a). During daytime land heats up more quickly than water and the air above it rises allowing for air above the sea to blow towards the land. This is known as sea breeze. After sunset land cools down more quickly than water and hence land breeze blows during the night.

 What percentage of world's freshwater is stored as glacial ice?

50%

10%

70%

30%

C

Which one of the following rivers of India does not make a delta?

Ganges

Godavari

Mahanadi

Tapti

D

Which one of the following states has the longest coastline?

Maharashtra

Tamilnadu

Gujarat

Andhra Pradesh

C

1600KM AND 990 MILES.. REMEMBER THIS VERY IMP..

The pass located in Himachal Pradesh is

Shipkila

Zojila

Nathula

Jelepla

A

NATHULA > SIKKIM

Match the following and select the correct answer from the codes given below:

Crops	Producing state
(a) Tea	(1) Himachal Pradesh
(b) Sugarcane	(2) Assam
(c) Groundnut	(3) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Apple	(4) Gujarat

Code:

1. a - 2; b - 4; c - 1; d - 3
2. a - 2; b - 3; c - 4; d - 1
3. a - 3; b - 2; c - 1; d - 4
4. a - 4; b - 3; c - 1; d - 2

B

Soils: Facts to remember

Fact to remember	Type of Soil
The soil most common in Indo-gangetic plains	Alluvial
The soil which swells when wet and develops cracks when dry	Black
The soil which owes its colour to oxides of iron	Laterite
The soil which requires least use of fertilisers	Alluvial
The soil which requires least tilling	Black
The kind of soil which is treated with gypsum to make it suitable for cropping	Alkaline soil
The soil which is poor in soluble salts	Laterite
The soil which is rich in surface accumulation of organic matter	Peaty soil
The soil which is most suitable for cultivation of cotton	Black

Crops : Points to remember

Point to remember	Crop
The crop which requires water-logging for its cultivation	Rice
The crop best suited in areas where rain falls only for two months	Pulses
The ideal crop for areas with rainfall above 200 cm and sloping hills	Tea
The crop which requires a large amount of rainfall and no standing water	Tea

Crops : Largest Producers

Feature	State
The largest producer of paddy in India	West Bengal
The lagest producer of wheat in India	Uttar Pradesh
The lagest producer of sugarcane in India	Uttar Pradesh
The lagest producer of groundnut in India	Gujarat
The largest producer of tea in India	Assam
The largest producer of coffee in India	Karnataka
The largest producer of jute in India	West Bengal
The largest producer of tobacco in India	Andhra Pradesh
The largest producer of bananas in India	Tamilnadu
The largest producer of saffron in India	Jammu & Kashmir
The largest producer of onion in India	Maharashtra
The largest producer of black pepper in India	Kerala
The largest producer of cotton in India	Gujarat
The largest producer of bamboos in India	Assam
The largest producer of litchis in India	Bihar

Crops in India

The crop which is sown in largest area in India	Rice (43.9 million hectares as per 2013-14 estimates)
The crop whose production is the largest in India	Sugarcane (348.4 million tonnes as per 2013-14 estimates)
The cereal crop whose production is the largest in India	Rice (106.3 million tonnes as per 2013-14 estimates)
The agricultural produce which has the highest percentage share of imports	Edible Oil (about 68% of imports of food and allied products)
The agricultural produce which has the highest percentage share of exports	Rice

Crops : India's Rank in the World

Feature	Rank
Millets, Lemon & limes, Bananas, Ginger, Mangoes, Papayas, Jute, Castor Oil seed, Safflower oil seed	First
Sugarcane, Wheat, Onion, Potatoes, Garlic, Rice, Tea, Cottonseed	Second

Types of Irrigation

1. Surface Irrigation: Application of water by gravity flow to the surface of the field. 3 types of surface irrigation - Basin, Furrow and Border
a. Basin Irrigation	b. Furrow Irrigation	c. Border Irrigation
Flat areas of land are surrounded by low bunds to create basins which are then flooded by water.	Small channels called furrows carry water down the land slope between the crop rows. Water infiltrates into the soil as it moves along the slope.	Borders are long, sloping strips of land separated by bunds. Water flows down the slope of the border, guided by the bunds on either side.
Rice is commonly irrigated this way.	Row crops such as maize, sunflower, sugarcane, soybean and also crops which would get damaged by basin irrigation like tomatoes, vegetables, potatoes, beans; fruit trees such as citrus, grape etc.	Close growing crops such as pasture or alfalfa
2. Sprinkler Irrigation: Water is pumped through a pipe system and then sprayed onto the crops through rotating sprinkler heads. Not suitable for delicate crops such as lettuce.
3. Drip Irrigation: Water is conveyed under pressure through a pipe system to the fields, where it drips slowly onto the soil through emitters or drippers which are located close to the plants. Suitable for all row crops but only high value crops are irrigated this way because of cost involved.

An example of false fruit is

Apple

Guava

Mango

Tomato

Answer (a). An accessory fruit (also called false fruit or spurious fruit) is a fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue exterior to the carpel. Examples of accessory tissue are the receptacle of strawberries, figs, or mulberries, Pomes, such as apples and pears

Normal fasting blood sugar level per 100 ml. of blood in man is

30 - 50 mg

50 - 70 mg

80 - 100 mg

120 - 140 mg

C

 Rate of interest is determined by

The rate of return on the capital invested

Central Government

Liquidity preference

Commercial Banks

C

 The vector of disease sleeping sickness is

sand-fly

house-fly

fruit-fly

tse-tse fly

D

SANDS FLY> KALA AZAR

 For how many years have the dinosaurs been extinct?

About 25 million years

About 65 milion years

About 100 million years

About 135 million years

B

 A geostationary satellite revolves round the earth from

East to West

West to East

North to South

South to North

B

Answer (b). A geo-stationary satellite is stationary with respect to the earth and in order to be so, it must revolve alongwith the earth. Since the direction of earth's rotation is from west to east, the same is the case with a geo-stationary satellite.Got it

Among the following materials sound travels fastest in

Steel

Air

Vacuum

Water

A

SOLID>LIQUID>GAS 

 The rear side of the moon was photographed by

Viking I

Viking II

Luna III

Mariner IX

C

Which phenomenon do bats or dolphins use to find prey, predators or obstacles?

Refraction of sound

Formation of beats

Scattering

Echo location

D

What did the first electronic digital computer contain?

Transistors

Valves

Core memory

Semiconductor memory

B

 Microsoft Office's personal information manager is

Outlook

Internet Explorer

Organiser

Access

A

Hard steel contains

2 to 5 per cent carbon

0.5 to 1.5 per cent carbon

0.1 to 0.4 per cent carbon

0.01 to 0.04 per cent carbon

B

Cement is formed by strongly heating a mixture of

limestone and graphite

limestone and clay

chalk and graphite

clay and graphite

B

Glass is a

superheated solid

supercooled liquid

supercooled gas

superheated liquid

B

The temperature of oxy-acetylene flame is around

2800o C

3200o C

4000o C

1500o C

Answer (b). Oxy-acetylene flame is the only gas flame that is hot enough to melt all commercial metals. The flame is used in metal welding by bringing two pieces of metal together. The touching edges are melted by the flame with or without the addition of filler rod.

Which is the most stable eco-system?

Desert

Ocean

Mountain

Forest

A or B both can be answers.. even though a is more suitable ssc considered b as answer.

 F.A.O. is the abbreviation of

Fibre and Agricultural Organization

Factory Acquisition Organziation

Free Arbiration Organization

Food and Agriculture Organisation

D

The common tree species in Nilgiri Hills is:

Sal

Pine

Eucalyptus

Teak

C

First Indian Prime Minister to visit Siachen was?

Rajiv Gandhi

Inder Kumar Gujaral

Mammohan Singh

None of them

C

 Which of the following books has been written by Kishwar Desai?

The Red Devil

Witness the night

Tonight this Savage Rite

Earth and Ashes

B

Which of the following folk / tribal dances is associated with Karnataka?

Yakshagana

Jatra

Veedhi

Jhora

A

Who invented vaccination for small pox?

Sir Frederick Grant Banting

Sir Alexander Fleming

Edward Jenner

Loius Pasteur

C

Discovery of Elements - Inert Gases

Element	Discoverer
Argon	Sir William Ramsay and Lord Rayleigh
Neon	Sir William Ramsay and M.W. Tavers
Krypton	Sir William Ramsay and M.W. Tavers
Xenon	Sir William Ramsay and M.W. Tavers
Radon	Sir William Ramsay and R. Whytlaw-Gray
Helium	Sir William Ramsay, P.T.Cleve and N.Langlet

Discovery of Elements - Radioactive Elements

Element	Discoverer
Polonium	Marie Curie
Radium	Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
Actinium	Andre Louis Debierne
Thorium	Jons Jacob Berzelius
Uranium	Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Plutonium	Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy, and Arthur Wahl

Discovery of Elements - Chemical Elements

Chemical Element	Discoverer
Barium	Humphry Davy
Calcium	Humphry Davy
Potassium	Humphry Davy
Magnesium	Humphry Davy
Boron	Humphry Davy
Sodium	Humphry Davy

 Who was the first Indian to become the member of British parliament?

Bankim Chandra Chaterjee

W C Banerjee

Dadabhai Naoroji

None of the above

Answer (c). Dadabhai Naoroji had other firsts to his credit. He was the first person to independently prepare the first estimates of National Income. He was also the first person to be elected the President of Indian National Congress thrice. He was also the first Indian to be appointed Professor at Elphinstone College

The purchase of shares and bonds of Indian companies by Foreign Institutional Investors is called?

FDI

Portfolio Investment

NRI Investment

Foreign Indirect Investment

D

BT Seed is associated with which among the following?

Rice

Wheat

Cotton

Oil Seeds

C

Answer (c). Just for info: BT stands for Bacillus thuringiensis, a bacterium which produces a chemical harmful to certain insects thus doing away with the need of using pesticides.

The headquarters of International Atomic Energy Agency is in ?

Geneva

Paris

Vienna

Washington

C

If the name of any Organization starts with "World or International" and ends with "Organization", their headquarters will be in "Geneva, Switzerland".

---

Remember : [ W_O & I_O ] ---- Geneva, Switzerland

[ W_O]

1. World Health Organisation
2. World Intellectual Property Organization
3. World  Meteorological Organization
4. World Trade Organization

[ I_O]- Except IMO 

1. International Labour Organization
2. International Committee for Red Cross Organization
3. International Standardization Organization [ISO] ----originally International Organization for Standardization
4. United Nation Conference on Trade And Development

---

Trick for Organizations whose headquarters are in London 

---

Remember : I Am a Common man in London

1. I - International Maritime Organization (IMO)
2. Am - Amnesty International
3. Common - Commonwealth of Nations
4. Common - Commonwealth Telecommunication Organization

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If any Organization is related to "International Money or Monetary organization", its headquarters will be in Washington DC.

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1. International Monetary fund
2. World Bank

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If any Organization is related to "Industrial Development/ Petroleum/ Atomic", its headquarter will be in "Vienna, Austria"

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1. United Nations Industrial Development Organization 
2. International Atomic Energy Agency
3. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries

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For Headquarters of Organizations located in Newyork, remember - "UN Child Emergencyin Newyork"

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UN Child Emergency in Newyork

1. United Nations Organization 
2. United Nation International  Children Emergency Fund

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If any Organization is related to the term "Economic & Educational", its headquarter will be located in Paris

---

1. Organization for Economic Co-Operation Development
2. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

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Trick to Remember the Headquarters of some other International Organizations

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1. ASIAN Development Bank [ ADB ]--MANila, Philippines [ ASIAN MANila ]
2. Association of South East Nations [ ASEAN ]-- JAKarta, Indonesia [ ACE JACK ] --Remember Playing cards
3. FOOD Agriculture Organisation [ FAO ]--Rome, ITALY [ FOOD IDLY ]
4. International COURT of JUSTICE-- The HAGUE, Netherlands [ Remember COURT given JUSTICE HANGUE ]
5. South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation [ SAARC ]--Khatmandu, Nepal

If the Anglo Indian community does not get adequate representation in the Lok Sabha, two members of the community can be nominated by:

Prime Minister

President

Speaker

President in consultation with Parliament

B

 For the election of President of India, a citizen should have completed the age of___?

25 Years

35 Years

30 Years

18 Years

b

PM>25  

LOK 25  RAJYA 30 PANCHAYAT 21

According to Article 58 of the Constitution, no person shall be eligible for election asPresident unless he is a citizen of India, has completed the age of thirty-five years and is qualified for election as a member of the House of the People.

Who said: "Good citizen makes a good state and bad citizen makes a bad state"?

Plato

Aristotle

Rousseau

Laski

B

 Member of parliament will lose his membership if he is continuously absent from sessions for

45 days

60 days

90 days

365 days

B

Important Age Limits in Indian Constitution

Description	Age Limit
Minimum age for election to the post of President/Vice-President/Governor	35 years
Minimum age for election as MP (Lok Sabha)/MLA	25 years
Minimum age for election as MP (Rajya Sabha)/MLC	30 years
Upper age limit for appointment as a judge of Supreme Court, Attorney General, Comptroller General, member of Public Service Commission	65 years
Upper age limit for appointment as a judge of High court/ Advocate General/member of State Commission	62 years
Minimum age limit for employment in a factory	14 years
Age between which education has been made a fundamental right	6 to 14 years
Minimum marriageable age for a male	21 years
Minimum marriageable age for a female	18 years.

Important Time Limits in Indian Constitution

Condition	Duration
Maximum interval between two sessions of Parliament/State Assembly	Six months
Maximum life of Presidential Ordinance	Six months + Six weeks*
Maximum period within which an election is to be held to fill a vacancy created by the death, resignation or removal, or otherwise of a President	Six months
Maximum duration for which President’s rule can be imposed in a state	Six months extendable upto a maximum of three years
Time after which money bill passed by Lok Sabha is deemed to have been passed by Rajya Sabha when no action is taken by it	14 days
Maximum duration for which a President/Vice-President/Governor may hold his office from the date on which he enters his office	5 years
Maximum duration for which a Lok Sabha/State Legislature may function from the date appointed for its first meeting	5 years
Maximum period for which the term of a Lok Sabha/State Legislature may be extended while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation	1 year at a time
Where the term of a Lok Sabha/State Legislature has been extended while a Proclamation of Emergency is in operation, the maximum period for which he Lok Sabha/State Legislature may continue to function after theProclamation of Emergency has ceased to operate	Six months
Maximum duration for which a Union Minister/State Minister may hold his office without being a member of either of the houses of the Parliament/State Legislature	Six months
Maximum duration for which a member of either House of Parliament may be absent without permission, before his seat is declared is vacant	60 days
Maximum period within which a person who is arrested and detained in custody shall be produced before the nearest magistrate	24 hours
Maximum duration for which a Panchayat/Municipality shall function from the date appointed for its first meeting	5 years
Maximum duration for which a member of a Union Commission may hold his office subject to his not attaining the age of sixty-five years	6 years
Maximum duration for which a member of a State Commission may hold his office subject to his not attaining the age of sixty-two years	6 years
Time within which a candidate elected from more than one seat in Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha or either House of the Legislature of a State must resign from all but one of such seats	10 days
* Six months being the maximum interval between two sessions of the Parliament and six weeks being the time allowed for the Parliament to approve/disapprove the ordinance after its reassembly.

 In India , Residuary Powers are vested in ___?

Union Government

State Government

Both Union and State Government

Local Government

A

Answer (a). Powers to make laws are distributed as per Central, State and Concurrent list given in the Seventh Schedule, but where any matter has not been enumerated in the State or Concurrent list, Parliament (meaning Union Government) has exclusive power to make laws in such matters. Such a power is called Residuary Power.

Mention the place where Buddha attained enlightment?

Sarnath

Bodhgaya

Kapilvastu

Rajgriha

B

Buddhism Facts:

Early life of Buddha:

Original Name – Siddhartha

Birth place – Lumbinivana

Period – 563 BC

Father – Suddhodana : Chief of Sakya clan > Capital – Kapilavasthu

Mother – Maya died 7 days after his birth

Mother’s Sister > Mahaprajapati Gotami – Step Mother

Wife – Yasodhara

Son – Rahul

Age of 29 – wandering ascetic in search of truth, left family and kingdom

Great Renunciation or Mahabhinishkraman

Idea of renunciation – Seeing 4 persons in 4 different stages – old man, very sick man, corpse , ascetic

buddhism

6 continuous years – homeless ascetic

Reached Gaya – Enlightenment under pipal tree

buddhism

Became Buddha at Gaya – “Bodh Gaya” >> Sambodhi, tree – bodhi tree

Mara – king of spirits and demons disturbed in meditation

buddhism

Sujata – farmer’s daughter > rice milk at Bodh Gaya

buddhism

Deer park at Sarnath – 1st sermon “Dharmachakra Paravartana”

buddhism

Preached his gospel to princes and peasants

Period of 45 yrs toured Eastern India

Before death @ Pavapuri – Chanda – bad mushrooms & pork

Age of 80 – “Mahaparinirvana” @ Kushinagara – sal tree 483 BC

buddhism

The Last teaching heard by Subhadra and Ananda

Teachings of Buddha:

Earliest source – Sutta Pitaka in Pali

Acc. to Buddhism – existence of a being is like a wheel of causes and effects

Ignorance gives rise to desire; desire to karma; and karma leads to the impulse to be born again and again to satisfy desire which is the source of suffering

If suffering is to be destroyed : Primary cause – ignorance must be destroyed

Can be achieved by the realization that the world is impermanent

Three Jewels of Buddhism – Tri Ratnas

buddha

 

4 Noble Truths of Buddhism (Atya satyas)

buddhism

 

Ashtanga Marga (8 Fold path) of Buddhism:

buddhism

Famous Monks at the time of Buddha:

Ananda – constant companion of Buddha and most devoted disciple

Anurddha – master of right mindfulness

Mahakassapa – president of Buddhist council held at Rajagriha

Moggallana – he had greatest super natural powers

Sariputta – possessed the profound insight into the dhamma

Upali – master of Vinaya

Famous Buddhist Scholars:

Ashvagosha – contemporary of Kanishka, poet, dramatist, musician

Nagarjuna – friend and contemporary of Satavahana kings

Assanga and Vasubandhu > “Abhidaramakosa” encyclopedia of Buddhism – brothers

Buddhagosha – pali scholar “Visuddhimaga” > post- tripitaka literature

Dinnaga – founder of Buddhist logic

Dharmakirti – philosophical thinker and dialectician

Division in Buddhism – Mahayana and Hinayana

Dissensions in Buddhism:

 

Key Points of Hinayana Buddhism:

Oldest school – Sthaviravada (Theravada in Pali)

Sanskrit – sarvastivada or doctrine which maintains the existence of all things , physical as well as mental

From sarvastivada or vaibhasika branched off another school – Sautantrika >> more critical in outlook

Pali – language of masses used by Hinayana Buddhists

Ashoka patronised Hinayanism

Mahayana Buddhism or Greater Vehicle:

Heavenliness of Buddha

Salvation of all through the grace and help of Buddha and Bodhisattvas

Idol worship

Nirvana is not a negative cessation of misery but a positive state of bliss

Key Points of Mahayana Buddhism:

Chief philosophical schools – Madhyamika, Yogachara

Madhyamika – Nagarjuna >> midway between uncompromising realism of Hinayanism and idealism of Yogacharya

Yogacharya – Maitreyanatha >> rejected the realism of Hinayanism and maintained absolute idealism

Sanskrit was used by Mahayana Buddhists

Kanishka patronised Mahayanism later Harsha supported it

Vajrayana Buddhism or Vehicle of Thunder Bolt:

vehicle-of-thunder-bolt

 

buddhism

First Council – Rajagriha >> teachings collected, classified, adjusted as authoritative canonical texts : 2 pitakas – Vinaya and Sutta by Upali

Ruler – Ajathasatru Presided by Mahakassapa

Purpose – Maintain purity of buddha teachings

 

 

Second Council – Vaishali R –Kalasoka P- sabakami difference of opinion among monks @ vaisali, 100 yrs after Mahaparinirvana >> schism in sangha – sthavaravadins or theravadins and mahasanghikas

Purpose – End the controversy between monks and their opponents

 

 

Third council – Ashoka > 256 yrs after parinirvana – Pataliputra – Chaimanship of Moggaliputta Tissa >> classifies buddhist texts and added Abhidhamma pitaka – establishment of sthaviravadins – final compilation of Tripitakas – sending missionaries to diff parts of world :Purpose – settle the dispute arising out of the rival claim of authority

 

 

Fourth council – Kanishka at Kundalavan in Kashmir > presided by vasumithra, assisted by Ashvagosha – composition of 3 large commentaries > vibhashas – division of Mahayana and Hinayana – codification of sarvastivadin doctrines as Mahavibhasa – conduct of deliberation of sanskrit instead of pali – spread of buddhism to other parts of world

 

Buddhism stands on 3 Pillars: The Buddha (Founder), The Dhamma (His Teachings)and The Sangha (Order of Buddhist monks and nuns)

Coronation of Shivaji took place in which year?

1627

1674

1680

1670

B

 The system of Dyarchy was introduced in ___?

1909

1919

1935

1945

B

The editor of Young India and Harijan was ____?

Nehru

Ambedkar

Mahatma Gandhi

Subhash Chandra Bose

C

Newspapers and their founders

Newspaper/Periodical	Started by
Bengal Gazette (1780) (India’s first newspaper)	J.A.Hickey
Maharatta, Kesari	Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Hitavada	Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Voice of India	Dadabhai Naoroji
Amrita Bazar Patrika	Sisir Kumar Ghosh and Motilal Ghosh
Vande Mataram	Bipin Chandra Pal
Statesman	Robert Knight
The Hindu	Kasturi Ranga Iyengar
Yugantar	Bhupendranath Datta, Abhinash Bhattacharya and Barinder Kumar Ghosh
Mooknayak	BR Ambedkar
Independent	Motilal Nehru
Punjabi	Lala Lajpat Rai
The Leader	Madan Mohan Malviya
New India and Commonweal	Annie Besant
Esays in Indian Economics	MG Ranade
Mirat-ul-Akbar (1st Persian Newspaper)	Ram Mohan Roy
Navjeevan, Young India, Harijan	MK Gandhi
Indian Opinion (in South Africa)	MK Gandhi
Prabudha Bharat	Swami Vivekanand
Hindustan Times	K.M.Pannikar
Bombay Chronicle	Ferozshah Mehta
Swadeshabhimani	Vakkom Moulavi
Din Mitra	Mukundrao Patil
The Tribune	Sardar Dyal Singh Majithia
Bengalee	Surendranath Banerjee
The Socialist	S.A. Dange
Navayug	Muzaffar Ahmed
Inquilab	Ghulam Hussain
Free Hindusthan	Taraknath Das

Current Information on Newspapers(old info)

Feature	Newspaper
Total number of newspapers/periodicals registered in India as on 31.03.2014	99,660
The largest number of newspapers/periodicals registered in any Indian language	Hindi
The largest circulated daily	Anand Bazar Patrika (Bengali)
The second largest circulated daily	The Times of India (English)
The largest circulated periodical	The Sunday Times of India
The largest circulated multi-edition daily	The Times of India (English)
The second largest circulated multi-edition daily	Dainik Bhaskar (Hindi)
The state with the largest number of registered newspapers	Uttar Pradesh

Government Publications and Publishers

Publication	Published by
India (Annual publication suffixed with the year)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Employment News/Rozgaar Samachar (English, Hindi and Urdu)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Yojana (monthly on economic development published in 13 languages)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Bal Bharati (Hindi)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Aajkal (An international literary and cultural Urdu journal)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Kurukshetra (English and Hindi with rural uplift and development as its focus)	Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
Energy Statistics	Central Statistical Organisation
National Accounts Statistics	Central Statistical Organisation
Compendium of Environment Statistics India	Central Statistical Organisation
Rail Bandhu	Indian Railways
Indian Pharmacopoeia	Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Newspapers/Magazines and their Editors

Newspaper/Magazine	Editor-in-Chief
The Hindu	N. Ravi
The Times of India	Jaideep Bose
Indian Express	Shekhar Gupta
The New Indian Express	Prabhu Chawla
Hindustan Times	Sanjoy Narayan
India Today	Aroon Purie
Outlook	Krishna Prasad
Tughlaq	Cho Ramaswamy

Who of the following attended all the three round table conferences?

B R Ambedkar

M M Malviya

Vallabh Bhai Patel

Mahatma Gandhi

A

 Which is the largest living bird on Earth?

Emu

Ostrich

Albatross

Siberian Crane

B

 Rihand Dam project provides irrigation to ____?

Gujarat & Maharastra

Odisha and West Bengal

Uttar Pradesh and Bihar

Kerala and Karnataka

C

The Headquarters of MCF (Master Control Facility) is

Hyderabad

Thumba

Sri Harikota

Hassan

Answer (d). This is responsible for controlling and monitoring the satellites launched by ISRO.

 Which is the longest irrigation canal in India?

Sir hind Canal

Yamuna Canal

Indira Gandhi Canal

East Kosi Canal

C

 Which one of the following minerals is found in Monazite Sand?

Potassium

Uranium

Thorium

Sodium

C

Which plant is called Herbal Indian Doctor?

Amla

Neem

Tulsi

Mango

A

 In Coriander, useful parts are?

Roots and leaves

leaves and flowers

leaves and dried fruits

flowers and dried fruits

C

The pH of Human Blood is ___?

7.2

7.8

6.6

7.4

D

Which among the following is the largest endocrine gland of human body?

Thyroid

Parathyroid

Adrenal

Pituitary

A

SMALLEST D

Which amongst the following is the largest mammal?

Elephant

Whale

Dinosaur

Rhinoceros

B

 Which part becomes modified as the tusk of elephant?

Canine

Premolar

Second Incisor

Molar

C

Optical fibres are based upon the phenomenon of which of the following?

Interference

Dispersion

Diffraction

Total Internal Reflection

D

 Now a days, Yellow lamps are frequently used as street lights. Which among the following gases, is used in these lamps?

Sodium

Neon

Hydrogen

Nitrogen

A

 Mirage is an example of ____?

Refraction of light

Total Internal Reflection of Light

Refraction and Total Internal Reflection of Light

Dispersion of Light

C

The phenomenon of light associated with the appearance of blue color of sky is?

Interference

Reflection

Refraction

Scattering

D

 In which of the following areas, spreadsheet software is more useful?

Psychology

Publishing

Statistics

Message sending

C

Answer (c). Microsoft Excel is an example of spreadsheet software.

. A Groupware is a

Hardware

Software

Network

Firmware

B

Lens is made up of ___?

Pyrex Glass

Flint Glass

Ordinary Glass

Cobalt Glass

B

The element which is used for vulcanizing rubber is?

Sulfur

Bromine

Silicon

Phosphorus

A

Which of the following is responsible for extra strength of Pyrex glass?

Potassium carbonate

Lead Oxide

Borax

Ferric Oxide

C

 The Noble Gas used for the treatment of cancer is ___?

Helium

Argon

Krypton

Radon

D

Loktak is a ____

Valley

Lake

River

Mountain Range

B loktak is lake IN MANIPUR 

Which city receives the highest cosmic radiation amongst the following:

Chennai

Mumbai

Kolkata

Delhi

Answer (d). As per an article published in The Hindu dated 05.05.2011, Cosmic radiation at Delhi which is at an altitude of 291 m above sea level is 0.31 milligray. The other three being coastal cities meaning that they are at sea level receive much less cosmic radiation.